Article Details

Yakubu Gowon Dam, located in Plateau State, Nigeria, serves as a critical water resource for both agricultural and domestic purposes. However, concerns have emerged regarding heavy metal contamination in the aquatic ecosystem, particularly in catfish (Clarias gariepinus) populations residing within the dam. This study aimed to assess the levels of heavy metal contamination in catfish sampled from Yakubu Gowon Dam and evaluate potential risks to human health through consumption. Sampling was conducted over a period of six months, with catfish specimens collected from various locations within the dam. The concentrations of heavy metals, including lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), arsenic (As), and chromium (Cr), were determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Additionally, the biometric parameters of the catfish, such as weight and length, were recorded to investigate potential correlations with heavy metal accumulation. The results revealed elevated levels of heavy metals in the catfish tissues, surpassing the permissible limits set by international standards. Lead and cadmium were particularly prominent, indicating potential sources of industrial and agricultural runoff into the dam. Furthermore, significant correlations were observed between the concentrations of certain heavy metals and the biometric parameters of the catfish, suggesting bioaccumulation within the aquatic food chain. The findings of this study underscore the urgent need for effective environmental management strategies to mitigate heavy metal pollution in Yakubu Gowon Dam. Additionally, measures should be implemented to regulate industrial activities and agricultural practices in the surrounding areas to prevent further contamination of the aquatic ecosystem. Public awareness campaigns are also essential to educate local communities about the risks associated with consuming contaminated fish and promote alternative sources of protein to ensure food security and public health.